Vaccination against human papilloma virus in the light of quaternary prevention
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5712/rbmfc14(41)1800Keywords:
Papillomavirus Vaccines, Primary Prevention, Ethics, Clinical, Quaternary PreventionAbstract
In spite of the demonstrated benefits, the question of HPV massive vaccination is still subject to intense discussions and controversies. The protection against cancer is still unproven and need more time to be accurate about the quantification of the decrease in cervical cancer. The analysis of HPV vaccine relevance is very complex due to several overlapped levels to be considered. The authors analyze many of the ethical, sociological, economic, political and finally scientific issues involved. The population trust in vaccines has been affected owing to dubious practices of many pharmaceutical companies. Faced with this manipulation of information on a worldwide scale, general practitioners have organized themselves to fight this uncertainty. Quaternary prevention, a concept supported by the World Organization of Family doctors, advocates the application of ethically acceptable procedures in health care. This opinion article addresses some of the multiple dimensions involved to encourage reflection on this issue.
Downloads
Metrics
References
Healey D. The First Vaccine Wars [Internet]. [cited 2018 May 26]. Available from: https://davidhealy.org/the-first-vaccine-wars/
Habakus L, Holland M, eds. Vaccine Epidemic: How Corporate Greed, Biased Science, and Coercive Government Threaten Our Human
Rights, Our Health, and Our Children. New York: Skyhorse Publishing; 2011.
Covello VT, Mumpower J. Risk Analysis and Risk Management: An Historical Perspective. Risk Anal. 1985;5(2):103-20.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.1985.tb00159.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.1985.tb00159.x
Larson HJ, de Figueiredo A, Xiahong Z, Schulz WS, Verger P, Johnston IG, et al. The State of Vaccine Confidence 2016: Global Insights
Through a 67-Country Survey. EBioMedicine. 2016;12:295-301. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.08.042 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.08.042
Vinodhini K, Shanmughapriya S, Das BC, Natarajaseenivasan K. Prevalence and risk factors of HPV infection among women from various
provinces of the world. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2012;285(3):771-7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-011-2155-8 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-011-2155-8
Franco EL, Duarte-Franco E, Ferenczy A. Cervical cancer: epidemiology, prevention and the role of human papillomavirus infection. CMAJ [Internet]. 2001 Apr 3 [cited 2018 Jun 10];164(7):1017-25. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC80931/
Dijkstra MG, Zummeren M van, Rozendaal L, Kemenade FJ van, Helmerhorst TJM, Snijders PJF, et al. Safety of extending screening
intervals beyond five years in cervical screening programmes with testing for high risk human papillomavirus: 14 year follow-up of population based randomised cohort in the Netherlands. BMJ [Internet]. 2016 Oct 4 [cited 2018 Jun 10];355:i4924. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.i4924 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.i4924
Dumit J. Drugs For Life: How Pharmaceutical Companies Define Our Health. Durham and London. Duke University Press; 2012. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1215/9780822393481
List of largest pharmaceutical settlements. In: Wikipedia [Internet]. 2018 [cited 2018 Jun 10]. Available from: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/
index.php?title=List_of_largest_pharmaceutical_settlements&oldid=837296457
No Gracias. La prescripción off-label, fuera de control (y puede ir a peor) [Internet]. nogracias.eu. 2015 [cited 2018 Jun 10]. Available
from: http://www.nogracias.eu/2015/02/11/la-prescripcion-label-fuera-de-control/
Gøtzsche P. Deadly Medicines and Organised Crime: How Big Pharma Has Corrupted Healthcare. London: Radcliffe Publishing; 2013.
Lane C. Shyness: How Normal Behavior Became a Sickness. New Haven: Yale University Press; 2008.
Moynihan R, Cassels A. Selling Sickness: How the World’s Biggest Pharmaceutical Companies Are Turning Us All Into Patients. New
York: Nation Books New York; 2005.
Prasad VK, Cifu AS. Ending medical reversal: improving outcomes, saving lives. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press; 2015.
Welch G, Schwartz L, Woloshin S. Overdiagnosed: Making People Sick in the Pursuit of Health. Boston: Beacon Press; 2011.
Sridhar CR. Bad Pharma: How drug companies mislead doctors and harm patients. J Can Res Ther [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2018 Jun
;9:339-40. Available from: http://www.cancerjournal.net/text.asp?2013/9/2/339/113431.
Martínez-Lavín M, Amezcua-Guerra L. Serious adverse events after HPV vaccination: a critical review of randomized trials and
post-marketing case series. Clin Rheumatol. 2017;36(10):2169-78. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-017-3768-5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-017-3768-5
Beppu H, Minaguchi M, Uchide K, Kumamoto K, Sekiguchi M, Yaju Y. Lessons learnt in Japan from adverse reactions to the HPV vaccine:
a medical ethics perspective. Indian J Med Ethics. 2017;2(2):82-8. https://doi.org/10.20529/IJME.2017.021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.20529/IJME.2017.021
Cervarix vaccine issues trigger health notice. The Japan Times Online [Internet]. 2013 Jun 15 [cited 2018 Jun 29]; Available from:
https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2013/06/15/national/cervix-vaccine-issues-trigger-health-notice/
Shu-ichi Ikeda, Hineno K, Scheibenbogen C, Heidecke H, Schulze-Forster K, Junker J, et al. Autoantibodies against Autonomic Nerve Receptors in Adolescent Japanese Girls after Immunization with Human Papillomavirus Vaccine. Ann Arthritis Clin Rheumatol. 2019;2(2):1014. [online] Remedypublications.com. Available at: http://www.remedypublications.com/annals-of-arthritis-and-clinicalrheumatology/articles/pdfs_folder/aacr-v2-id1014.pdf?fbclid=IwAR3eySwYrcme_T3sRhpf-JpZqotyr86QdamebiheLncD2NGXk3SJEE. [Accessed 28 Oct. 2019].
Jamoulle M. Quaternary prevention, an answer of family doctors to overmedicalization. Int J Health Policy Manag [Internet]. 2015 Feb 4;
[cited 2018 Jun 29];4(2):61-4. https://doi.org/10.15171/ijhpm.2015.24 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15171/ijhpm.2015.24
Pizzanelli M. NotasL@cas/M@dNotes [Internet].
NotasL@cas/M@dNotes. [cited 2018 Jun 29]. Available from: https://notaslocasmadnotes.
wordpress.com/
Pizzanelli M. Actualización de NotaL@ca: Octubre 2017: Referencias sobre Vacuna HPV / M@dNote: HPV vaccine references – NotasL@
cas/M@dNotes [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2018 Jun 30]. Available from: https://notaslocasmadnotes.wordpress.com/2017/10/16/esta-notalcase-
ha-actualizado-oct-2017-referencias-sobre-vacuna-hpv-mdnote-hpv-vaccine-references/
Jørgensen L, Gøtzsche PC, Jefferson T. The Cochrane HPV vaccine review was incomplete and ignored important evidence of bias. BMJ
Evid Based Med [Internet]. 2018 Oct 1 [cited 2019 May 11];23(5):165-8. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjebm-2018-111012 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjebm-2018-111012
Sociedad Uruguaya de Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria (UY), Grupo de Grupo de Trabajo en Prevención Cuaternaria de Uruguay.
Evaluación crítica sobre la vacuna contra el VPH. – Sumefac [Internet]. SUMEFAC. 2018 [cited 2018 May 26]. Available from: http://
sumefac.com/2018/05/18/evaluacion-critica-sobre-la-vacuna-contra-el-vph/
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
By submitting a manuscript to the RBMFC, authors retain ownership of the copyright in the article, and authorize RBMFC to publish that manuscript under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license and identify itself as the vehicle of its original publication.