Empathy (part II)
contributions of nonviolent communication to clinical practice
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5712/rbmfc18(45)3548Keywords:
Empathy, Family practice, Physician-patient relations, Education, medical, Nonviolent communication.Abstract
Introduction: This article explores the issue of empathy in the doctor-patient relationship. Objective: To contribute to clinical communication skills through the empathy strategy proposed by nonviolent communication (NVC). Methods: Study of Marshall Rosenberg's main book, “Nonviolent Communication: A language of life”. Subsequently, several videos on YouTube were analyzed, both interviews and workshops with Rosenberg himself. A total of fifteen hours and eight minutes of audio-visual material was analyzed. Results: The selected content was organized into three sections: (1) NVC principles; (2) Empathy; and (3) Application of empathy in clinical practice. NVC contributes to the theme of empathy in clinical communication by proposing a model of empathic connection through the recognition of each person's feelings and needs. This model was organized into four stages: (a) observation without judgment; (b) connection with one's feelings; (c) unmet needs; and (d) the person's requests and demands. It is a synthesis, not only of communication, but also of intentionality and the conscious use of a language in the service of life, in what is alive in people at every moment. Conclusions: Empathy is a relevant topic in clinical communication. Because it is a complex subject, this study sought tools to facilitate its practical application. NVC can contribute to the strengthening of research and the exercise of empathy in clinical communication by filling possible gaps on the subject.
Downloads
Metrics
References
Center for Nonviolent Communication: Marshall B. Rosenberg [Internet]. [accessed on Sep 3, 2022]. Available at: https://www.cnvc.org/about/marshall
Rosenberg MB. Nonviolent communication: a language of life. Encinitas: Puddle Dancer Press; 2015.
Rosenberg M, Molho P. Nonviolent (empathic) communication for health care providers. Haemophilia 1998;4(4):335-40. https://doi.org/10.1046/J.1365-2516.1998.440335.X DOI: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2516.1998.440335.x
Norman AH. Pesquisa qualitativa em medicina de família e comunidade: a importância do olhar generalista. Rev Bras Med Fam Comunidade 2021;16(43):2659. https://doi.org/10.5712/RBMFC16(43)2659 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5712/rbmfc16(43)2659
Jaco BR, Norman AH. A filosofia da Medicina de Família e Comunidade segundo Ian McWhinney e Roger Neighbour. Rev Bras Med Fam Comunidade 2020;15(42):1991. https://doi.org/10.5712/rbmfc15(42)1991 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5712/rbmfc15(42)1991
Rosenberg MB. Nonviolent communication-workshop: Marshall Rosenberg (Workshop 4) [Internet]. [accessed on Jan 30, 2022]. Vídeo: 8 h 20 min. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l2KkOPZfn_Y&list=PLet4mGlgOoQUIfGlV-8vmzDr5n2uAp1LS&index=44&t=26648s
Rosenberg MB. N.V.Communication Workshop (S.Fco-2000) multisubs [Internet]. [accessed on Sep 3, 2022]. Vídeo: 3 h 05 min. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UEqmZ2E1o64&list=PLet4mGlgOoQUIfGlV-8vmzDr5n2uAp1LS&index=14
Nonviolent Communication: Paula Gloria´s Interview with Marshall Rosenberg [Internet]. [accessed on Sep 3, 2022]. Vídeo: 1 h 22 min. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jVXqB2CnR6s&list=PLet4mGlgOoQUIfGlV-8vmzDr5n2uAp1LS&index=43&t=2517s
An Interview with Marshall Rosenberg 2015 [Internet]. [accessed on Sep 3, 2022]. Vídeo: 51 min 04 seg. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pkd8SfO-o-I&list=PLet4mGlgOoQUIfGlV-8vmzDr5n2uAp1LS&index=39&t=251s
Rosenberg MB. The dynamics of empathy [Internet]. [accessed on Jan 30, 2022]. Vídeo: 1 h 30 min. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tahOuqFS8kM&list=PLet4mGlgOoQUWBx8P5AbUI_lKiHPZLpu-&index=10
Rosenberg MB. domination culture part II [Internet]. [accessed on Sep 3, 2022]. Vídeo: 7 min. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rDAqlhOqnrE&list=PLet4mGlgOoQWKkkfE8emzjMLJ7Yed2EX3&index=16
Rosenberg MB. Estrutura de violência [Internet]. [accessed on Sep 3, 2022]. Vídeo: 5 min 46 seg. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l51xKU5N-jk&list=PLet4mGlgOoQWKkkfE8emzjMLJ7Yed2EX3&index=6
Rosenberg MB. Importance of language for a domination culture [Internet]. [accessed on Sep 3, 2022]. Vídeo: 1 min 22 seg. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DSKNAmDkVa8&list=PLet4mGlgOoQWKkkfE8emzjMLJ7Yed2EX3&index=13
Rosenberg MB. Domination culture part I [Internet]. [accessed on Sep 3, 2022]. Vídeo: 2 min 08 seg. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fhYDS90jIjk&list=PLet4mGlgOoQWKkkfE8emzjMLJ7Yed2EX3&index=15&t=1s
Rosenberg MB. The origin of nonviolent communication [Internet]. [accessed on Sep 3, 2022]. Vídeo: 3 min 57 seg. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jNu43bwP3ds
Rosenberg MB. Nonviolent communication: labelling dehumanises [Internet]. [accessed on Sep 3, 2022]. Vídeo: 34 seg. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VtZhrxGhGp4&list=PLet4mGlgOoQUIfGlV-8vmzDr5n2uAp1LS&index=59
Rogers CR. The foundations of the person-centered approach. Education 1979;100(2):98-107.
Rogers CR. Empathic: an unappreciated way of being. Couseling Psychologist 1975;5:2-10 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/001100007500500202
Rosenberg MB. Defining nonviolent communication [Internet]. [accessed on Sep 3, 2022]. Vídeo: 3 min 13 seg. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zgvLOVocxYM&list=PLet4mGlgOoQWKkkfE8emzjMLJ7Yed2EX3&index=14
Rosenberg MB. Defines compassion [Internet]. [accessed on Sep 3, 2022]. Vídeo: 1 min 26 seg. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pYKry2X3-g8&list=PLet4mGlgOoQWKkkfE8emzjMLJ7Yed2EX3&index=12
Rosenberg MB. Apreciando a dor do outro [Internet]. [accessed on Jan 30, 2022]. Vídeo: 1 min 26 seg. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qt4OXy5s3RY&list=PLet4mGlgOoQUlFDmHsH1WQKWp1J_-hz-f&index=2
Rosenberg MB. The basic of nonviolent communication - San Francisco Workshop - full english subtitles transcription [Internet]. [accessed on Jan 30, 2022]. Vídeo: 3 h 05 min 57 seg. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l7TONauJGfc&list=PLet4mGlgOoQUWBx8P5AbUI_lKiHPZLpu-&index=3&t=8433s
Rosenberg MB. Libertando-se do sentimento de responsabilidade [Internet]. [accessed on Sep 3, 2022]. Vídeo: 4 min 54 seg. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EEEq1i-RKaU&list=PLet4mGlgOoQWKkkfE8emzjMLJ7Yed2EX3&index=4&t=173s
Rosenberg MB. Empatia: quando sabemos que foi o suficiente? [Internet]. [accessed on Jan 30, 2022]. Vídeo: 4 min 13 seg. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=i5EF9qOLhlY&list=PLet4mGlgOoQUlFDmHsH1WQKWp1J_-hz-f&index=11
Rosenberg MB. Necessidades, sentimentos e imagens inimigas [Internet]. [accessed on Sep 3, 2022]. Vídeo: 6 min 02 seg. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jgyOK0ZSdrg&list=PLet4mGlgOoQWKkkfE8emzjMLJ7Yed2EX3&index=1&t=9s
Rosenberg MB. How to deal with anger? [Internet]. [accessed on Sep 3, 2022]. Vídeo: 4 min 52 seg. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p-dcYVWKffU
Rosenberg MB. Defining needs in NVC [Internet]. [accessed on Sep 3, 2022]. Vídeo: 2 min 03 seg. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E_HJRBbjPFA&list=PLet4mGlgOoQWKkkfE8emzjMLJ7Yed2EX3&index=17
Rosenberg MB. Confirmando a mensagem enviada e a mensagem recebida [Internet]. [accessed on Jan 30, 2022]. Vídeo: 3 min 08 seg. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XZ187umX1P4&list=PLet4mGlgOoQUlFDmHsH1WQKWp1J_-hz-f&index=17&t=3s
Rosenberg MB. Empatia: importância do olhar e do toque [Internet]. [accessed on Jan 30, 2022]. Vídeo: 4 min 06 seg. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yq15q5Uk98Q&list=PLet4mGlgOoQUlFDmHsH1WQKWp1J_-hz-f&index=13&t=2s
Rosenberg MB. Empatia: que tipo de conexão devemos estabelecer com as pessoas [Internet]. [accessed on Jan 30, 2022]. Vídeo: 2 min 12 seg. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=5XwB7-QRDpg&list=PLet4mGlgOoQUlFDmHsH1WQKWp1J_-hz-f&index=4
Rosenberg MB. Empatia: sentimentos são 10% do processo empático [Internet]. [accessed on Jan 30, 2022]. Vídeo: 5 min 56 seg. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FHh_KhsVtRM&list=PLet4mGlgOoQUlFDmHsH1WQKWp1J_-hz-f&index=10&t=1s
Rosenberg MB. Empatia: sentimentos que servem à vida [Internet]. [accessed on Jan 30, 2022]. Vídeo: 2 min 20 seg. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=xH11bY5tL2w&list=PLet4mGlgOoQUlFDmHsH1WQKWp1J_-hz-f&index=15&t=3s
Rosenberg MB. Empatia: base para solução [Internet]. [accessed on Jan 30, 2022]. Vídeo: 6 min 14 seg. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=os_8pfCYtss&list=PLet4mGlgOoQUlFDmHsH1WQKWp1J_-hz-f&index=3
Rosenberg MB. Interrompendo a narrativa [Internet]. [accessed on Jan 30, 2022]. Vídeo: 5 min 30 seg. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=8QyhPp_dunk&list=PLet4mGlgOoQUlFDmHsH1WQKWp1J_-hz-f&index=13
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Armando Henrique Norman, Beatriz Yumi Uehara, Thaís de Almeida Morgado
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
By submitting a manuscript to the RBMFC, authors retain ownership of the copyright in the article, and authorize RBMFC to publish that manuscript under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license and identify itself as the vehicle of its original publication.