Fatores associados ao acesso à Atenção Primária no Brasil:  resultados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde 2019

Mayonara Fabíola Silva Araújo; Talita Araújo de Souza; Arthur de Almeida Medeiros; Isabelle Ribeiro Barbosa

doi:10.5712/rbmfc20(47)3720

Authors

Mayonara Fabíola Silva Araújo Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte – Natal (RN), Brazil. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3505-9603
Talita Araújo de Souza Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte – Natal (RN), Brazil. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3138-6626
Arthur de Almeida Medeiros Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte – Natal (RN), Brazil.
Isabelle Ribeiro Barbosa Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte – Natal (RN), Brazil. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1385-2849

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5712/rbmfc20(47)3720

Keywords:

Primary health care, Health services accessibility, Health surveys

Abstract

Introduction: Access to health refers to the ability of individuals to use necessary services in a timely and continuous manner, being an essential component for the effectiveness of health systems, and Primary Health Care should be the individual’s gateway to the health system. Objective: To analyze the factors associated with access to Primary Health Care in Brazil. Methods: Study with data from the 2019 National Survey of Health, carried out in Brazil. The sample consisted of 7,471 individuals. Individual sociodemographic aspects were investigated in a descriptive and multivariate analysis using Poisson Regression, considering a 5% significance level. Results: Among Brazilians who sought health care, 37% (95% confidence interval [CI] 35.6–38.4) sought the health centers of the Brazilian Unified Health System. Among those who sought this service, the prevalence of access was 72.4% (95%CI 70.3–74.4). Access to Primary Health Care was associated with self- rated health classified as fair, poor or very poor (prevalence ratio [PR]=1.13; 95%CI 1.07–1.18), with being illiterate (PR=1.21; 95%CI 1.10–1.33), living in rural areas (PR=1.09; 95%CI 1.06–1.13), race or skin color (Asian: PR=1.19; 95%CI 1.00–1.41; Indigenous: PR=1.21; 95%CI 1.08–1.36), and the household being registered with the Family Health Strategy (PR=1.16; 95%CI 1.08–1.25). There was a lower prevalence of access to Primary Health Care among those diagnosed with chronic diseases (PR=0.80; 95%CI 0.07–0.84) and who made moderate use (PR=0.88; 95%CI 0.83–0.94) or excessive use (PR=0.88; 95%CI 0.83–0.94) of alcohol. Conclusions: Therefore, it is necessary to implement strategies and public policies to improve access to the public who report chronic illnesses and alcohol consumption.

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