Factors associated with the occurrence of urinary tract infection in pregnant women attended in primary healthcare in the municipality of Anori, Amazonas, Brazil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5712/rbmfc20(47)4111Keywords:
Urinary Tract Infections, Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications, Prenatal care, Cross-sectional studies.Abstract
Introduction: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a prevalent problem during pregnancy that can be alleviated or reduced with preventive care and early treatment. Objective: To analyze the occurrence and factors associated with UTI during pregnancy in women from Anori, Amazonas. Methods: Cross-sectional study. The study population included women who attended prenatal care in 2018 and 2019 at the basic health units of reference in the small municipality of Amazonas, randomly selected. Data was collected by analyzing the medical records filed at the health units to identify clinical variables related to UTI in pregnancy (presence, treatment, hospitalization, complaints). Interviews with the participants were conducted to identify sociodemographic variables (age, race/skin color, schooling, occupation, family income and marital status); obstetric-gynecological-perinatal variables (number of previous pregnancies, miscarriages, periodic gynecological exams, birth data) and knowledge about UTI and its complications. After exploratory analysis, logistic regression models were used to analyze the associations between the variables assessed and the occurrence of UTIs. Results: 206 women took part in the study, the majority of whom had completed high school (n=179, 86.9%), had a family income of less than one minimum wage (n=112, 54.4%), were in a primigravida pregnancy (n=107, 51.9%), and had had a UTI (n=111, 53.9%). The majority started prenatal care late (n=122, 59.2%), and 34.0% (n=70) missed prenatal care appointments. Pregnant women who received prenatal care in one of the two units had a higher likelihood of UTI occurrence (OR=2.74; 95%CI 1.40–5.37), as did those who missed prenatal care appointments (OR=1.98; 95%CI 1.07–3.67). Conclusions: The occurrence of UTIs during pregnancy in women from Anori, Amazonas, was associated with prenatal care in one of the health units and missing appointments. These findings highlight the importance of adequate follow-up during pregnancy to prevent and treat UTIs early, which was a common condition among the pregnant women studied.
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