La calidad de la atención primaria y el manejo de la diabetes mellitus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5712/rbmfc8(29)814Palabras clave:
Atención Primaria de Salud, Diabetes Mellitus, Investigación sobre Servicios de SaludResumen
Objetivos: Investigar la asociación entre la calidad de la atención primaria de la salud (APS) y el control de la diabetes mellitus (DM) en los adultos con DM adscritos a los servicios de APS en Porto Alegre, Brasil. Métodos: Estudio transversal de base poblacional con adultos portadores de DM. La calidad de la APS se midió con la Herramienta de Evaluación de la Atención Primaria (PCATool-Brasil). El análisis estadístico se realizó mediante regresión de Poisson con varianza robusta. Resultados: De los 3.014 encuestados, 205 (6,8%) pacientes tenían DM, con predominio del sexo femenino (64,4%) y de la piel de color blanca (68,3%). Los pacientes con diabetes clasificados con puntuaciones altas tenían mayor prevalencia, tanto en la duración de la enfermedad (10,9 vs. 8,4 años, p=0,03) como en complicaciones de la diabetes (73,9% vs. 58,8%, p=0,02). La proporción de encuestados con buen control glucémico no difirió entre los grupos (31,7% vs 38%, p=0,3). En el análisis multivariado, servicios con altas puntuaciones en la APS mostraron mejor perfil de atención para la prevención de las principales enfermedades concomitantes. Los manejos que difirieron significativamente fueron: medición de la presión arterial (RP=1,07, IC95% 1,01-1,14), solicitud de perfil de lípidos (RP=1,23, IC95%: 1,09-1,39), orientación de la actividad física (RP=1,50, IC95% 1,21-1,86), examen de los pies (RP=2,08, IC95% 1,54-2,81) y orientaciones de la atención para los pies (RP=2,02, IC95% 1,56-2,61). Conclusión: Servicios con una alta puntuación en la APS demostraron una mayor atención en la prevención de complicaciones de la diabetes y una mejor atención a los pacientes con enfermedad más compleja, pero no difirieron significativamente de los otros servicios en el control glucémico.Descargas
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