Quaternary Prevention and Medical Education: an Integrative Review after National Curricular Guidelines of the Medicine Course of 2014

Abstract

Introduction: According to the Resolution No. 3, 2014, from the Brazilian Ministry of Health, that establishes the National Curricular Guidelines of the Medicine Undergraduate Course. According to the guidelines, the medicine student must have general, humanistic, critical, reflexive and ethical training, with capacity to act at the different levels of health care, among them, prevention. The diagnostic investigation should be based on the best scientific evidence and according to the needs of the person. In this sense, quaternary prevention and its principles meet the objectives of the DNC. Objectives: To perform the intersection in Brazilian journals between the quaternary prevention and medical teaching after the implementation of the DNC of 2014. Methods: Integrative review of the articles available on CAPES, Scielo, PubMed and Google Academic platforms, from 2014 until October 2017, by the keywords “quaternary prevention” and “education”. Exclusion criteria includes articles sponsored by pharmaceutical industries, unavailable in their entirety, without abstract and foreign articles. Results: 33 documents were found and 9 articles were selected for analysis, focused mainly on the practice of quaternary prevention. Only 3 studies allude to medical education. Conclusion: Quaternary prevention is a subject of great relevance in medical practice, however, it is still deficient in graduation, based on the restricted productions available. Despite the new guidelines of the medical course, medical education in the current scenario is predominantly focused on specialties, hindering the integral and person-centered performance.