Screening and diagnostic tools for depressive disorders used in primary care
an integrative review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5712/rbmfc18(45)3817Keywords:
Patient health questionnaire, Primary health care, Depression, Mass screening, Mental disorders.Abstract
Introduction: The prevalence of depressive disorders in the general population is high, and primary health care (PHC) is essential in dealing with these issues. The introduction of screening and diagnostic tools for these disorders in PHC is one of the suggested strategies to enhance the quality of care. Nevertheless, there is limited understanding regarding their effectiveness. Objective: To identify the screening instruments and diagnostic interviews that have been widely used in studies involving users with depressive symptoms seeking help at PHC. Methods: This was an integrative literature review. For the period from October to December 2020, searches were conducted in the LILACS and MEDLINE databases. Research articles carried out in PHC that utilized one or more screening and/or diagnostic instruments for depressive disorders were included. At least two researchers analyzed titles, abstracts, and full texts, extracting data using a standardized spreadsheet. The results were presented in a descriptive and narrative manner. Results: After using eligibility criteria, 413 articles were selected. There were 22 screening instruments used for screening and diagnosis of depression in studies carried out in PHC. The most cited screening instrument was the Patient Health Questionnaire, and the most used diagnostic interview was the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Studies published after 2011, carried out in Europe, with a non-elderly adult population and with the purpose of identifying the prevalence of depression in different social groups predominated. Most studies used long instruments, with complex analytical criteria, without validation/adaptation for PHC, and with restrictions on the analyzed health problems, making them limited for general use in PHC. Conclusions: The use of screening and diagnostic instruments for depression in PHC can be a relevant strategy to improve the care provided to this population. Nevertheless, additional research is required to analyze the benefits and harms of this approach, as well as a greater effort to select the best instruments to be used.
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Copyright (c) 2023 Meirielli Vieira Bruzeguini , Talita Falqueto Pereira, Marcela Lamborghini Pagel , Thayane Cintra Lemos, Emily da Silva Prata, Kamila Castro da Cruz, Thiago Dias Sarti, Maria Carmen Viana
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