Complementary feeding practices in children aged 0 to 24 months in Picos, Piauí
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5712/rbmfc21(48)4300Keywords:
Infant nutritional physiological phenomena, Breast feeding, Primary health careAbstract
Introduction: Complementary feeding is the process of introducing foods in addition to breast milk or infant formula, when these are no longer sufficient to provide the child with nutritional support. It should be started at 6 months of age and continues until 24 months. The World Health Organization (WHO) indicates that this process should contain at least 5 of the 8 key groups: breast milk; meats; dairy products; eggs; legumes and nuts; fruits and vegetables rich in vitamin A; other fruits and vegetables; grains and roots. Objective: To investigate the social context and practice of complementary feeding for children up to 2 years of age in the municipality of Picos, Piauí, in the Northeast region of Brazil. Methods: This is a descriptive, cross-sectional, qualitative and quantitative study, carried out with mothers of children up to 2 years of age who use a Basic Health Unit in the city of Picos. A questionnaire was applied on socioeconomic aspects of the mothers and practical aspects and components of the child’s complementary feeding, between November 2022 and July 2023. Results: A total of 38 mothers were interviewed, between 18 and 43 years old. The profile of the participants was of married/common-law women (63.3%), with secondary education (81.5%) and housewives (65.8%). Regarding the children, 17 were less than 6 months old and 21 were older. Of those under 6 months, 52.9% had already started some type of complementary feeding, with the most introduced foods being water, other milks and teas. Among those over 6 months old, the consumption of WHO-recommended foods ranged from 61.9 to 95.2%. In this age group, there was also a significant consumption of ultra-processed and sugar-added foods, with cookies (61.9%) being the most prevalent. Conclusions: A good overview of the practice of complementary feeding in Picos (PI) was obtained. On the positive side, there was a high rate of consumption of in natura foods and food groups necessary to meet the demand for important nutrients for proper child development. However, there was a low rate of exclusive breastfeeding, early introduction of food and a high consumption of sugar-added and ultra-processed foods. Thus, it is necessary to pay attention to possible risk factors that compromise the quality of complementary feeding.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Daniel Silva Vieira, Fernanda Karielle Coelho Macedo, Letícia Cerqueira Souza, Raylla Silva Costa, Patrícia Fernández García, Antonio Ferreira Mendes-Sousa
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