Care for overweight and obese individuals in Primary Care
contributions of a distance specialization in medical practice
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5712/rbmfc19(46)4362Keywords:
Overweight, Obesity, Education, distance, Medicine, Primary Health Care.Abstract
Introduction: Obesity is a global public health issue. In Brazil, 24.3% of the adult population is affected, while 61.4% are overweight. It has a major economic and health impact on the conditions of the population and should be the focus of primary care actions. Objective: To analyze the contribution of a distance specialization course in improving the qualifications of Primary Health Care physicians for the prevention and care of overweight and obese individuals. Methods: An evaluative research, with a qualitative and quantitative approach, carried out with 88 physicians who studied specialization in the care of overweight and obese people, remotely, from 2020 to 2022, offered by the Open University of the Unified Health System (UNA-SUS) at Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC). The research was carried out at two moments, on the outcomes of training regarding knowledge, practices, and perceptions on the subject, and pre- and post-course results were compared. Descriptive and analytical statistics were used, applying the Mann-Whitney test and content analysis to explore qualitative results. Results: An improvement was obtained in the indicators analyzed when comparing the pre- and post-course results. The training allowed physicians to improve their knowledge, qualify their professional practices in caring for users, and increase their perception of their own and the team's ability to intervene in the care of overweight people. Highlights include increased knowledge about the line of care, the inclusion of anthropometric assessments in care, and the qualification of individual attention to users, which evolved from the being rated “regular” to “good” in the final questionnaire. Conclusions: The educational offer made available was able to promote increased knowledge about the line of care, instructions, and current normative materials for the care of excess weight. Practices in the territories of operation were qualified, with the incorporation of nutritional status assessments and strengthening of the individual, collective, and intersectoral approaches. The perspective on obesity was broadened, recognizing the relevance of the multidisciplinary approach and team coordination to tackle the problem, permeated by multiple factors and social determinants.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Sheila Rubia Lindner, Elza Berger Salema Coelho, Claudia Flemming Colussi, Deise Warmling, Carolina Abreu Henn de Araújo, Sabrina Blasius Faust, Virgínia de Menezes Portes, Dalvan Antonio De Campos
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