Rastreamento por citologia para câncer anal em homens que fazem sexo com homens: uma revisão rápida

Leonardo Martinez Lourenço de Oliveira; Felipe Augusto Dutra Corrêa

doi:10.5712/rbmfc19(46)4206

Autores/as

Leonardo Martinez Lourenço de Oliveira Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Campo Grande – Campo Grande (MS), Brasil. https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9126-5820
Felipe Augusto Dutra Corrêa Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Campo Grande – Campo Grande (MS), Brasil. https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7061-6321

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5712/rbmfc19(46)4206

Palabras clave:

Detección precoz del cáncer, Neoplasias del Ano, Hombres que tienen Sexo con Hombres, Minorías sexuales y de género.

Resumen

Introducción: El tamizaje de lesiones precancerosas se ha propuesto como medida preventiva para el cáncer anal en poblaciones de riesgo. Objetivo: Realizar una revisión rápida de la literatura en busca de evidencias sobre el tamizaje en hombres que tienen sexo con hombres (HSH). Métodos: Se realizó una revisión rápida utilizando la plataforma PubMed® en el período de octubre a noviembre de 2022. Resultados: Se seleccionaron 10 estudios para análisis (n=7.694). Los diseños de los estudios incluyeron tres cohortes prospectivas, cuatro cohortes retrospectivas, dos estudios de casos y controles y un estudio transversal realizados en 5 países. Conclusiones: Los estudios revisados resaltan la importancia de la citología anal como una herramienta de tamizaje para el cáncer anal en HSH que viven con VIH, además de la necesidad de más investigación para elucidar su eficacia en otras subpoblaciones y en HSH no infectados con VIH.

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