¿Overscreening o prevención a escala humana? Tamizaje excesivo

Miguel Pizzanelli

doi:10.5712/rbmfc10(35)1068

Authors

Miguel Pizzanelli Especialista en Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria. Coordinador de la Unidad docente asistencial Rural de Florida, Uruguay. Profesor Adjunto del Departamento de Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria de la Facultad de Medicina de la UDELAR, Uruguay.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5712/rbmfc10(35)1068

Keywords:

Overscreening, Mass screening, Physician-Patient Relations, Quaternary Prevention, Medicalization

Abstract

When screening is applied in an excessive, unnecessary or abusive manner, the damage may outweigh the benefits. In order do develop the concept of excessive screening some categories were considered: unnecessary screening, screening without medical indication, induced screening, mandatory screening, and inadequate frequency screening. There are biases of interpretation that do not allow objectively determining the balance of harms and benefits of screening programmes related to overdiagnosis. To prevent damage from excessive screening (overscreening) it is necessary to move from the domain of generic recommendations and guidelines to the clinical practice ground of individual cases. The quaternary prevention, conceptually grounded in person-centred health care, comprises the beliefs, interests, and individual options, making it possible to lead prevention to a human scale.

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Author Biography

Miguel Pizzanelli, Especialista en Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria. Coordinador de la Unidad docente asistencial Rural de Florida, Uruguay. Profesor Adjunto del Departamento de Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria de la Facultad de Medicina de la UDELAR, Uruguay.

Médico de Familia y Comunidad. Profesor adjunto del Departamento de Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de la República Oriental del Uruguay. Integrante del Grupo de Investigación PCAT.Uy. Presidente del Grupo de Trabajo de Pervención Cuaternaria de CIMF. Coordinador del Grupo de Trabajo en Pervención Cuaternaria de la Sociedad Uruguaya de Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria. Integrante del Comite internacional de clasificaciones WICC, WONCA.

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